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路权配置必将影响交通参与者各方的行为,也会影响交通秩序和交通事故发生的几率,因此交通事故责任立法与执法均不应忽视路权配置因素。首先,在机动车专用道上,现行立法要求机动车驾驶人承担无过错责任原则不甚合理,宜改为过错责任原则。其次,在具体案件中,当事人各方的过错认定应与路权(通行权、先行权、占用权)配置相结合,必须注意其中有可能涉及第三方过错与责任问题。立法应明示相关规则。最后,在路权配置不当直接或间接引发交通事故的情况下,有关政府部门应承担责任;为及时足额补偿交通事故当事人的损失,应设立专门的政府风险行为基金。
The allocation of right of way will definitely affect the behavior of all parties involved in traffic. It will also affect the traffic order and the probability of traffic accidents. Therefore, we should not neglect the right-of-way allocation in the legislation and law enforcement of traffic accident liability. First of all, on motor vehicle lanes, the current legislation requires motor vehicle drivers to assume the principle of no-fault liability unreasonably and should instead change the principle of fault liability. Second, in specific cases, the fault identification of parties involved should be combined with the allocation of right of way (right of passage, prior right and occupancy), and attention must be paid to the possible involvement of third parties in fault and liability. Legislation should indicate the relevant rules. Finally, the relevant government departments should assume the responsibility if the right-of-way configuration is not directly or indirectly caused by a traffic accident. In order to timely and fully compensate the parties for losses caused by traffic accidents, special government-risk-action funds should be set up.