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目的 为探讨小儿病毒性脑炎时血清钠、钙浓度的改变及临床意义。方法 入院后 12h内即用全自动生化分析仪测定血清钠、钙浓度。结果 低钠血症 115例 (46.3 7% ) ,高钠血症 10例 (4.0 3 % ) ,低钙血症 3 4例 (13 .71% ) ,4例高钠血症死亡。病毒性脑炎发生低钠血症的频率重症者明显高于轻症者 ,头颅CT或MRI提示脑损害组较正常组发生率高。结论 病毒性脑炎伴随的血清钠、钙异常不完全是治疗中的并发症 ,可能与病毒性脑炎脑损害的病理生理有关 ,1周内出现的高钠血症预示病情濒危 ,低钙血症可诱发或加重惊厥。因此 ,在使用脱水剂的同时 ,注意适当补充钠、钙等 ,维持电解质的平衡 ,以保证治疗的顺利进行
Objective To investigate the changes of serum sodium and calcium concentration in children with viral encephalitis and its clinical significance. Methods Within 12 hours after admission, serum sodium and calcium concentrations were measured by automatic biochemical analyzer. Results There were 115 cases (46.3%) of hyponatremia, 10 cases (4.03%) of hypernatremia, 34 cases (13.71%) of hypocalcemia and 4 cases of hypernatremia. The incidence of hyponatremia in viral encephalitis was significantly higher than that in mild cases, and head CT or MRI showed higher incidence of brain damage than normal group. Conclusions The serum sodium and calcium associated with viral encephalitis are not completely the complication of treatment, which may be related to the pathophysiology of viral encephalitis. One week later, hypernatremia indicates that the disease is endangered, hypocalcemia Symptoms can induce or aggravate convulsions. Therefore, the use of dehydrating agent at the same time, pay attention to appropriate sodium, calcium, etc., to maintain the balance of the electrolyte to ensure the smooth progress of the treatment