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采用移动粒子半隐式法(moving particle semi-implicit method, 简称 MPS法)直接数值模拟了蒸汽膜覆盖的液滴破裂, 求解了关于液滴、蒸汽和环境液体的二维 Navier-Stokes 方程. 计算结果表明蒸汽膜的存在抑制了液滴破裂, 液滴破裂的临界 Weber 数随蒸汽膜厚度增加而增加. 液滴破裂过程可分为两个阶段, 液滴变形与破裂主要发生于后一个阶段. 同时计算结果揭示, 除了液滴与蒸汽界面处的 Rayleigh-Taylor 不稳定性较强外, 蒸汽膜覆盖的液滴破裂机理与无蒸汽膜覆盖的液滴破裂机理是一致的. 数值模拟结果的部分特征得到了相关实验的验证.
The moving particle semi-implicit method (MPS method) was used to directly simulate the droplet collapse of the vapor film and to solve the two-dimensional Navier-Stokes equations for liquid droplets, steam and ambient liquids. The results show that the existence of vapor film suppresses the droplet rupture and the critical Weber number of droplet rupture increases with the thickness of the vapor film.The droplet rupture process can be divided into two stages, the droplet deformation and rupture mainly occur in the latter stage. Simultaneously, the calculated results reveal that the droplet-breaking mechanism covered by the vapor film is consistent with the droplet-breaking mechanism covered by the vapor-deposited film except for the Rayleigh-Taylor instability at the droplet-steam interface. The characteristics have been verified by relevant experiments.