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人参茎叶皂甙是从五加科(Arallaceae)人参属植物人参(Panax ginseng C.A.Meyer)的茎叶中提取的总皂甙成分。国内外研究证明,人参的地上部分(茎、叶、花、果)含有与人参根类似的皂甙类成分,且其总皂甙的含量显著高于人参根。近代药理学研究表明,人参茎叶皂甙与人参根有相似的药理作用。由于人参根皂甙具有十分广泛的作用,因此,研究人参地上部分尤其是人参茎叶皂甙引起了人们的极大兴趣,并取得了引人注目的成果。目前人参茎叶皂甙的制剂已在国内外广泛应用于临床,治疗多种疾病。本文仅就人参茎叶皂甙的研究概况加以综述。
Ginseng stem and leaf saponin is a total saponin component extracted from the stems and leaves of Panax ginseng C.A. Meyer from Arallaceae. Studies at home and abroad have demonstrated that the aerial parts (stems, leaves, flowers, and fruits) of ginseng contain saponins similar to ginseng roots, and their total saponin content is significantly higher than that of ginseng roots. Modern pharmacological studies have shown that ginsenosides and ginseng roots have similar pharmacological effects. Since ginseng root saponin has a very wide range of functions, research on the ground part of ginseng, especially ginseng stem and leaf saponin has caused great interest, and has achieved remarkable results. At present, the preparation of ginseng stem and leaf saponin has been widely used in clinical practice at home and abroad to treat various diseases. This article only summarizes the research status of ginsenosides.