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目的了解东莞市手足口病病原谱构成及其流行特征。方法采用实时荧光PCR检测2010年手足口哨点监测医院上送的标本,应用Excel和SPSS分析。结果380例病原阳性病例中,EV71(占29.47%)所占构成比略高于CoxA16(占24.47%),未分型肠道病毒占46.05%。病原感染构成比无性别差异,以5岁以下人群感染为主(占96.72%)。EV71与CoxA16在0~1岁人群感染构成比最低(各为14.43%与11.34%),在1～5岁人群感染构成比较稳定(占36.13%),6岁后以EV71感染为主(占40.0%);3～7月以EV71与CoxA16流行为主,其中6～7月以EV71为主(约占47.91%);8月后以未分型感染为主,其中10～12月感染构成比最高(占87.50%);各监测点EV71与CoxA16呈交替流行,未分型肠道病毒占较大比例。病例样品检出率较高(达89.41%,380/425),以粪便为主(占87.29%),其检出率明显高于肛拭子(73.08%)。结论东莞市手足口病病原谱构成与流行在人群年龄、时间、地域方面均呈动态变化,以CoxA16伴随EV71流行为主,其它未分型肠道病毒也占相当比重。
Objective To understand the composition and epidemiology of HFMD in Dongguan City. Methods Real-time fluorescence PCR was used to detect the specimens sent from the hand, foot and sentinel surveillance hospital in 2010 by Excel and SPSS. Results The positive rate of EV71 (29.47%) was slightly higher than that of CoxA16 (24.47%) in 380 of the 380 pathogenic positive samples, and 46.05% of the undifferentiated enteroviruses. The proportion of pathogen infection than the non-sex differences, mainly in people under 5 years of age (96.72%). Infection rates of EV71 and CoxA16 were the lowest (14.43% and 11.34% respectively) among 0-year-olds, stable infection (36.13%) among 1-year-olds and EV71 infection after 6-year-olds %). The prevalence of EV71 and CoxA16 was mainly between March and July, of which EV71 was predominant in June-July (47.91%), and non-typed infection was the most common after August, of which 10 to 12 months The highest (accounting for 87.50%); EV71 and CoxA16 showed an alternate prevalence at each monitoring site, and the undifferentiated enterovirus accounted for a large proportion. The detection rate of cases was higher (up to 89.41%, 380/425) and mainly to feces (87.29%), the detection rate was significantly higher than that of anal swab (73.08%). Conclusion The composition and prevalence of HFMD in Dongguan City fluctuated dynamically in population age, time and geographical area. CoxA16 was predominantly associated with EV71 epidemic and other undifferentiated enteroviruses accounted for a significant proportion.