CTTN (EMS1): an oncogene contributing to the metastasis of esophageal squamous cell carcinoma

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Proto-oncogenes are frequently activated by genomicamplification.Characterization of genes with increasedcopy numbers and consequent over-expression in tumortissues can facilitate the identification of tumor-specificoncogenes.Esophageal cancer is a common cancer worldwideand esophageal squamous cell carcinoma(ESCC)is themost prevalent type in China.Multiple genetic changeshave been found in ESCC,but little is known about majoroncogenes and tumor suppressor genes involved in thetumorigenesis of ESCC.As the chromosome locus 11q 13 is frequently amplifiedin ESCC[1,2],Luo et al.[3]examined several cancer-related genes in the 11q13 region,including MYEOV,ORAOV1,FGF19,FGF4,FGF3,ORAOV2,FADD1,PP-FIA1 and CTTN,in primary ESCC and matched normaltissues by RT-PCR.Only the cortactin gene(CTTN,also asEMS1)presented overexpression in most of the examinedtumor tissues.The authors subsequently examined CTTNat the genomic DNA and protein levels.CTTN amplifica- Proto-oncogenes are frequently activated by genomicamplification. Characterization of genes with increased copy numbers and consequent over-expression in tumortissues can facilitate the identification of tumor-specific oncogenes. Esophageal cancer is a common cancer worldwide and esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is themost prevalent type in China. Multiple genetic changes have been found in ESCC, but little is known about major oncogenes and tumor suppressor genes involved in the tumorigenesis of ESCC. As the chromosome locus 11q 13 is frequently amplified in ESCC [1,2], Luo et al. [3] several cancer-related genes in the 11q13 region, including MYEOV, ORAOV1, FGF19, FGF4, FGF3, ORAOV2, FADD1, PP- FIA1 and CTTN, in primary ESCC and matched normal tissues by RT-PCR. asEMS1) presented overexpression in most of the examined tumor tissues. The authors subsequently examined CTTNat the genomic DNA and protein levels. CTTN amplifica-
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