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光斑中心精确定位是成像型激光告警系统威胁激光准确定向的基础。分析了鱼眼成像型激光告警系统成像光斑特点,针对CMOS传感器像元非完全填充结构和大入射角区域光斑能量分布非对称造成定位误差大的问题,基于光斑高斯分布特征,提出将二维高斯分布函数积分分解为两个坐标方向一维积分的乘积,利用误差函数级数近似光斑灰度高斯积分,通过能量响应最大像元和次大像元的灰度比求解光斑中心坐标的细分算法,最后通过实验对比研究了新方法的定位性能。结果表明,本方法受像元非完全填充和镜头非对称像差的影响较小,近轴区域和入射角大于60°的轴外区域定位精度分别达到1/80和1/70 pixel,最大误差小于1/30 pixel。本方法计算相对简单、定位精度较高,且对不同位置光斑定位精度稳定,能够满足大视场激光告警装备的指标要求。
The precise positioning of the spot center is the basis for the imaging laser warning system to threaten the accurate orientation of the laser. In this paper, the imaging flare characteristics of the fish-eye imaging laser warning system are analyzed. In order to solve the problem of large positioning errors due to the asymmetric energy distribution of the light spot in the incompletely-filled CMOS sensor cell and the large incident angle region, based on the Gaussian distribution of the light spot, The integral of the distribution function is decomposed into the product of one-dimensional integral of two coordinate directions, the gray level Gaussian integral of approximation of the spot is obtained by using the error function series, and the subdivision algorithm of the central coordinate of the spot is solved by the gray ratio of the energy of the largest pixel and the second largest pixel Finally, the positioning performance of the new method is studied by experiments. The results show that this method is less affected by the incomplete filling of pixels and the asymmetric aberration of the lens. The positioning accuracy of the off-axis region and the off-axis region with the incident angle greater than 60 ° are 1/80 and 1/70 pixel, respectively. The maximum error is less than 1/30 pixel. The method is relatively simple to calculate, has high positioning accuracy, and has stable positioning accuracy for spot light spots in different positions, and can meet the index requirements of large-field laser warning equipment.