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文化自觉是对本民族文化的自我觉醒和自我反思。几千年来,人们对中华传统文化,大致有三种不同的看法和态度,相应地分为三个阶段。第一阶段是从古代到鸦片战争之前,这是对中华传统文化持基本肯定态度的阶段。第二阶段是从鸦片战争到上世纪的“文化大革命”结束,这是对中华传统文化持基本否定态度的阶段。第三阶段是从改革开放至今,这是对中华传统文化进行理性反思的辩证否定阶段,最终提出“中华优秀传统文化”。
Cultural self-awareness is self-awakening and self-reflection on the national culture. For thousands of years, people generally have three different views and attitudes toward traditional Chinese culture, which are divided into three stages. The first phase was from the ancient times to the Opium War, which was a phase of a basically positive attitude to the traditional Chinese culture. The second stage is the end of the “Cultural Revolution” from the Opium War to the last century. This is the stage where there is a basic negative attitude toward the traditional Chinese culture. The third stage is from the reform and opening up to the present day. This is the dialectical negative stage of rational reflection on the traditional Chinese culture, and finally puts forward “outstanding Chinese traditional culture.”