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近年来,随着肿瘤病因以及发病机制的深入研究,人们提出了各种癌症预防和治疗的方法。本文拟从致癌作用的角度,概述肿瘤促进剂在肿瘤发生发展中的作用,以及阻断促进作用作为防止肿瘤最后形成之有效途径的可能性。一、肿瘤发生的两阶段学说及肿瘤促进因子的一股性质1940年和1941年Shear 和Berenblum 分别提出存在一种促癌物质,它可以促进细胞癌变,但不能诱发恶性变的假设。1947年,Berenblum 与Shuhik 进一步研究了致癌物与非致癌性的刺激剂在肿瘤形成中的作用,并
In recent years, with the in-depth study of the etiology and pathogenesis of cancer, people have proposed various methods for cancer prevention and treatment. This article intends to outline the role of tumor promoters in the development of tumors from the perspective of carcinogenesis, as well as the possibility of blocking promotion as an effective way to prevent the final formation of tumors. First, the two-stage doctrine of tumorigenesis and the unique nature of tumor-promoting factors Shear and Berenblum proposed the existence of a carcinogenic substance in 1940 and 1941, respectively, which promotes cell carcinogenesis but does not induce hypothesis of malignant transformation. In 1947, Berenblum and Shuhik further studied the role of carcinogens and non-carcinogenic stimulants in tumor formation, and