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目的探讨综合性医院内获得性免疫缺陷综合征(acquired immune deficiency syndrome,AIDS)患者的肺部表现及其特征。方法回顾性分析2006年2月-2009年12月收治的58例AIDS患者肺部病变的临床资料。结果 58例患者中男47例,女11例,男女比例为4.27∶1;年龄6～78岁,平均43岁,其中<50岁者36例,占62.1%,>50岁22例,占37.9%。肺部表现是AIDS患者入住综合性医院的常见临床表现,居各种临床表现的首位(占55.2%)。主要有弥漫性肺部疾病和肺结核,分别是21例(36.2%)和23例(39.7%),收治的主要科室是呼吸内科38例(65.5%)和传染科12例(20.7%);常见的临床症状有发热、咳嗽、活动后气促或呼吸困难;其肺部影像学表现多样,有毛玻璃样变、弥漫性结节影、斑片影、肺内块影或肺内空洞、纤维条索影或伴胸水;其常见伴随症状有口腔溃疡真菌、腹泻或其他消化道症状,及其皮疹、贫血、神经系统症状等;同时也有部分患者合并乙型肝炎病毒/丙型肝炎病毒/梅毒等混合感染。结论 AIDS的肺部病变是综合性医院住院AIDS患者的主要表现,提高呼吸科医师对AIDS患者肺部表现的认识将有利于AIDS的临床防治。
Objective To investigate the pulmonary manifestations and characteristics of patients with acquired immune deficiency syndrome (AIDS) in a general hospital. Methods The clinical data of 58 lung cancer patients with AIDS were retrospectively analyzed from February 2006 to December 2009. Results There were 47 males and 11 females in 58 patients, the ratio of males to females was 4.27:1. The age ranged from 6 to 78 years (mean, 43 years). Among them, 36 cases were less than 50 years old, accounting for 62.1%; 22 cases> 50 years old, accounting for 37.9% %. Lung performance is a common clinical manifestation of AIDS patients admitted to a general hospital, ranking first in all clinical manifestations (55.2%). There were 21 cases (36.2%) and 23 cases (39.7%) with diffuse pulmonary disease and pulmonary tuberculosis. The main departments admitted were 38 cases (65.5%) of respiratory medicine and 12 cases (20.7%) of infectious diseases, The clinical symptoms of fever, cough, shortness of breath or dyspnea after activity; the performance of the pulmonary imaging varied, frog-like changes, diffuse nodules, patchy shadow, intrapulmonary block or lung cavity, Shadows or with hydrothorax; the common symptoms associated with oral ulcer fungi, diarrhea or other gastrointestinal symptoms, and its rash, anemia, neurological symptoms; also some patients with hepatitis B virus / hepatitis C virus / syphilis, etc. Mixed infection. Conclusion The lung disease of AIDS is the main manifestation of AIDS inpatients in general hospital. To improve the understanding of pulmonary performance of AIDS patients by respiratory physicians will be helpful for the clinical prevention and treatment of AIDS.