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肺的巨噬细胞能吸收进入肺部的病原体和物质微粒,使肺的表面保持清洁无菌状态。有证据表明,在体外能使肺泡巨噬细胞活力降低的物质微粒,在体内则能破坏肺的防御能力。在城市烟尘污染情况下生存的大鼠肺泡的巨噬细胞活力大大降低。悬浮于空气中的尘埃以及燃烧过程产生的飞灰都含有有毒性的化学元素,如As、Ba、Cd、Cr、Hg、Ni、Pb、Sb、V和Zn等,体外实验证明,V~(5+)、As~(3+)、Cd~(2+)、Hg~(2+)和Cr~(6+)离子对肺泡巨噬细胞有很强的毒性。
Pulmonary macrophages can absorb pathogens and material particles that enter the lungs, leaving the surface of the lungs clean and sterile. There is evidence that substance particles that reduce the viability of alveolar macrophages in vitro can disrupt lung defenses in the body. The viability of rat alveolar macrophages in the presence of urban dust pollution is greatly reduced. The dust suspended in the air and the fly ash generated during the combustion all contain toxic chemical elements such as As, Ba, Cd, Cr, Hg, Ni, Pb, Sb, V and Zn etc. The in vitro experiments prove that V ~ 5 +), As ~ (3 +), Cd ~ (2 +), Hg ~ (2+) and Cr ~ (6+) ions are highly toxic to alveolar macrophages.