微生物提高采收率是一项具有很大应用前景的提高采收率技术。微生物采油技术由于能处理更大范围的地层,因而具有很好的增油效果,能较大幅度地提高原油采收率,此技术以其成本低、适用性强、施工简单、不伤害储层及无污染等优点受到石油业的普遍重视。本文介绍了采油类微生物的特点以及来源,并分析了微生物采油的机理,对微生物采油技术的发展有一定参考价值。 Microbial enhanced oil recovery is a great application prospects of enhanced oil recovery technology. Because of its ability to handle a wider range of formations, microbial oil recovery technology has good oil-enhancing effect and can greatly enhance oil recovery. This technology is characterized by its low cost, strong applicability, simple construction and no damage to the reservoir And pollution-free advantages by the petroleum industry’s universal attention. In this paper, the characteristics and sources of oil-producing microorganisms are introduced, and the mechanism of microbial oil recovery is analyzed, which has certain reference value for the development of microbial oil recovery technology.