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目的探讨早产儿非少尿性高钾血症(NOHK)的临床特征及产前应用糖皮质激素(地塞米松)对NOHK的影响。方法选择我院新生儿科2012年1~12月收治的早产儿,回顾性分析临床资料,将患儿分为NOHK组和非NOHK组,对比分析两组各影响因素差异。结果 NOHK患儿占全部早产儿的42.9%(60/140),发生NOHK的早产儿中男婴明显多于女婴(P<0.05),孕母产前应用地塞米松治疗组较未用地塞米松治疗组NOHK发生率明显降低(P<0.05),出生72 h内平均血钾浓度降低(P<0.05),但平均血钙浓度差异无统计学意义(P>0.05)。NOHK早产儿中,地塞米松治疗组血钾浓度与血钙浓度均明显低于未用地塞米松组(P<0.05)。结论孕母产前地塞米松治疗可减少早产儿NOHK的发生率,预防高钾血症的发生,并可能降低NOHK血钙浓度。
Objective To investigate the clinical characteristics of non-oliguric hyperkalemia (NOHK) in preterm infants and the effect of prenatal glucocorticoid (dexamethasone) on NOHK. Methods Preterm infants admitted to Department of Neonatology from January 2012 to December 2012 were retrospectively analyzed. The patients were divided into NOHK group and non-NOHK group, and the differences among the two groups were analyzed. ResultsNoHK patients accounted for 42.9% (60/140) of all preterm infants, the incidence of NOHK in preterm infants was significantly higher than that of female infants (P <0.05), prenatal dexamethasone pretreatment group than without ground plug The incidence of NOHK in the treatment group was significantly lower than that in the control group (P <0.05). The average serum potassium concentration decreased within 72 hours after birth (P <0.05). However, the mean serum calcium concentration was not significantly different (P> 0.05). NOHK preterm children, dexamethasone treatment group serum potassium concentration and serum calcium were significantly lower than the group without dexamethasone (P <0.05). Conclusion Prenatal dexamethasone prenatal treatment can reduce the incidence of NOHK in preterm infants, prevent the occurrence of hyperkalemia, and may reduce NOHK serum calcium concentration.