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基于全要素生产理论和环境生产技术,本文选取工业各行业CO2排放量作为环境影响替代变量引入研究,将“环境规制行为分析”纳入投入产出分析框架,利用方向性环境距离函数和非参数线性规划建立工业环境绩效测度模型,提出了环境无效率值、环境规制成本、环境绩效指数三个测度中国工业环境绩效的指标,并以1990~2010年我国工业行业面板数据从时间和行业两个维度进行了研究。研究主要结论是:(1)中国工业大多数工业行业存在环境无效率值,表明我国工业碳减排还存在一定的空间;(2)我国的工业行业还存在较大的环境规制成本,说明了我国工业经济和环境之间发展尚不协调;(3)1990~2010年整个工业行业三个环境绩效指标时序值都呈倒“U”型曲线,预示了环境规制可以达到环境质量改善和工业生产率提升的双赢;(4)资本持续深入及生产技术的提升对实现工业碳减排有重要的作用。
Based on the theory of total factor production and the technology of environment production, this paper selects the CO2 emission of various industries as a substitute for environmental impact variables, introduces “Environmental Regulation Behavior Analysis” into the input-output analysis framework, and uses the directional environmental distance function and the non- Parameter linear programming to establish the industrial environmental performance measurement model, put forward three indicators of environmental inefficiency, environmental regulatory costs, environmental performance index measure China’s industrial environmental performance indicators, and from 1990 to 2010 panel data of the industrial sector from the time and industry Two dimensions were studied. The main conclusions of the study are as follows: (1) There is a value of environmental inefficiency in most industries of China’s industry, indicating that there is still some room for industrial carbon reduction in China. (2) There is still a large cost of environmental regulation in China’s industrial sector, China’s industrial economy and the development of the environment is not yet coordinated; (3) From 1990 to 2010, the timing values of the three environmental performance indicators of the entire industrial sector showed “U” curve, indicating that the environmental regulation can achieve the improvement of environmental quality and Win-win industrial productivity; (4) continued capital growth and upgrading of production technology have an important role in reducing industrial carbon emissions.