论文部分内容阅读
目的分析东阳市2010—2016年麻疹流行特征,为控制麻疹流行和制定消除麻疹策略提供科学依据。方法通过传染病报告系统和麻疹病例专报系统收集2010—2016年东阳市报告的所有麻疹病例,采用描述性流行病学方法分析麻疹疫情及麻疹病例的一般人口学特征、发病经过、主要临床症状和实验室检测结果等资料。结果 2010—2016年东阳市共报告麻疹125例,年平均发病率为2.15/10万,各年发病率依次为3.17/10万、0.00/10万、0.00/10万、7.34/10万、2.64/10万、1.67/10万和0.24/10万,以散发为主。各乡镇(街道)均有病例报告,其中吴宁街道、白云街道、南市街道、横店镇和江北街道病例数居前五位。本地户籍94例(75.20%),外地户籍31例(24.80%)。主要发病人群为农民(44.80%)和散居儿童(39.20%)。存在0~7月龄(23.20%)和15~54岁(56.80%)两个发病高峰年龄段。发病时间主要集中在3—6月份。免疫史不详或空白者占麻疹确诊病例的86.40%。发病前7~21 d曾去医院就诊者占总报告病例数的35.20%。结论应持续开展麻疹疫情监测,针对农民、散居儿童、外地户籍者、免疫空白者等高危人群开展麻疹疫苗强化免疫和查漏补种,加强医院感染管理。
Objective To analyze the epidemiological characteristics of measles from 2010 to 2016 in Dongyang City and provide a scientific basis for controlling the epidemic of measles and formulating measles elimination strategies. Methods All cases of measles reported in Dongyang from 2010 to 2016 were collected through the Communicable Disease Reporting System and Measles Dedicated Reporting System. Descriptive epidemiological methods were used to analyze the general demographic characteristics of the measles epidemic and measles cases. The incidence of major measles And laboratory test results and other information. Results A total of 125 measles cases were reported in Dongyang City from 2010 to 2016, with an average annual incidence rate of 2.15 per 100 000. The annual incidence rate was 3.17 per 100 000, 0.00 per 100,000, 0.00 per 100,000, 7.34 per 100,000 and 2.64 / 100,000, 1.67 / 100,000 and 0.24 / 100,000, mainly on the basis of distribution. Each township (street) has a case report, of which Wu Ning Street, Baiyun Street, Nanshi Street, Hengdian and Jiangbei streets top five cases. 94 cases of local household registration (75.20%), 31 cases of household registration (24.80%). The main disease groups were farmers (44.80%) and scattered children (39.20%). There are two peak incidence age of 0 ~ 7 months (23.20%) and 15 ~ 54 years (56.80%). The onset time is mainly concentrated in 3-6 months. Unknown or blank immunization accounts for 86.40% of confirmed cases of measles. Before the onset of 7 ~ 21 d had to go to the hospital for the total number of reported cases of 35.20%. Conclusions Epidemic monitoring of measles should be carried out continuously, and measles vaccine immunization and leak detection and replantation should be carried out for high risk population such as peasants, diasporas, overseas residents and immunization blanket to strengthen the administration of nosocomial infection.