本文报道１０２例经手术治疗的儿童臀肌挛缩症，所有病例在幼儿期间均因上呼吸道感染有多次经臀肌注药史，最常用者为苯甲醇稀释的青霉素、根据手术时所见肌肉受累范围结合临床体征将其分为３种类型，即臀大肌挛缩型，臀大肌、臀中肌复合挛缩型，臀中肌挛缩型．术后随访９５例，随访时间平均２６个月，其中优良率为８２％．文中还讨论了畸形发生的机制和诊疗体会． This article reports 102 cases of children undergone surgical treatment of gluteal muscle contracture, all cases of upper respiratory tract infection during early childhood have repeatedly by the gluteal muscle injection history, the most commonly used benzyl alcohol dilution of penicillin, according to the muscle seen during surgery Involved with the clinical signs of the disease will be divided into three types, namely the gluteus maximus contracture, gluteus maximus, gluteal muscle complex contracture, gluteal muscle contracture type. 95 cases were followed up for an average of 26 months follow-up, of which excellent and good rate was 82%. The article also discusses the mechanism of deformity and diagnosis and treatment experience.