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孟子的人性论和荀子的人性论不是直接对立的,它们是依据人性不同的层面以不同的价值取向为旨归而各自预设的理论系统。荀子在形下自然经验的生命中言人性,他在必然性和可能性上为礼的产生提供了根源。孟子在儒家天人相贯的核心思想的视野下言说人性,他在当然之理上为回复人生充足价值的根基上寻找着眼点。荀子正是通过人性恶的预设来强化礼义教化训导在优善人性、治世归礼中的重要性和永恒性,这较之孟子的性善论有着革命性的现实意义。
Mencius’s theory of human nature and Xunzi’s theory of human nature are not directly opposed to each other. They are based on different levels of human nature with different value orientation as their own goals and their own default theoretical system. Xunzi speaks human nature in the life of natural experience, which provides the root of the ceremony for the necessity and possibility. Mencius talked about human nature from the perspective of Confucius’s core idea of the connection between heaven and man. On the excuse of reason, Mencius looked for the point on the basis of returning sufficient value to life. It is through the presupposition of human nature that Xunzi strengthens the importance and eternity of etiquette training in the process of improving human nature and administering the world, which is more revolutionary than Mencius’ theory of goodness.