论文部分内容阅读
在对西南桦的生物学特性、生长、用途以及分布区较详细论述的基础上 ,主要对西南桦的栽培技术进行了研究。结果表明 ,发展西南桦人工林的关键在于选用适生种源 ,适时采种 ,正确处理和保存种子 ,种子必须低温 (10℃以下 )保存。造林最好用营养苗 ,7～ 8月播种 ,10月中～ 11月中将芽苗移入营养袋内继续培育 ,3～ 4月出圃造林。育苗基质要疏松 ,排水性能要好 ,苗期要加强水肥管理 ,苗高 2 0～ 30 cm时出圃造林。在上年的 11～ 12月整地 ,采用带状或穴状整地方式 ,穴要大(5 0 cm× 5 0 cm× 4 0 cm)。造林要适时 ,一般 3～ 4月 ,在干湿季明显的地区 ,7～ 8月雨季定植 ,造林密度 2 m× 3m或 3m× 3m。造林前施基肥 ,造林后要加强抚育管理和追肥 ,连续进行 3a。对造林密度为 2 m× 3m的林分 ,植后 6～ 8a要进行第 1次间伐。
Based on a detailed discussion of the biological characteristics, growth, use and distribution of Betula alnoides, the cultivation techniques of Betula alnoides were mainly studied. The results showed that the key to the development of Betula albosinensis plantation was to choose suitable source of provenance, timely seed collection, proper treatment and preservation of seeds, and seed must be stored at low temperature (below 10 ℃). Afforestation is best to use nutrient seedlings, sowing from July to August, mid-November to mid-November will be transferred to nutrition bags to continue nurturing, March to April nursery Afforestation. Nursery substrate should be loose, drainage performance is better, the seedling stage to strengthen the management of water and fertilizer, when the height of 20 ~ 30 cm nursery Afforestation. During the whole land preparation from November to December of the previous year, the site was large (500 cm × 500 cm × 400 cm) with the strip or hole preparation method. Afforestation should be timely, usually 3 to 4 months, in the obvious wet and dry areas, July to August rainy season planting, afforestation density of 2 m × 3m or 3m × 3m. Pre-afforestation of base fertilizer, afforestation management should be strengthened and top dressing, continuous 3a. For afforestation density of 2 m × 3m of the stand 6 ~ 8a after planting to be the first thinning.