南水北调工程的兴建可使北方44座大中城市摆脱缺水的制约,为经济结构调整创造机会和空间;可彻底改变受水区内700多万人长期饮用高氟水、苦咸水和其他含有害物质的地下水的局面;可有效遏制受水区地下水位的下降,对地面沉陷等环境地质问题的解决起到积极作用,缓解北方地区生态环境恶化的趋势 The construction of the South-to-North Water Diversion Project will enable 44 large and medium-sized cities in the north to get rid of the constraints of water shortage and create opportunities and space for economic restructuring; it can completely change the long-term consumption of high-fluorine water, brackish water, and other sources in more than 7 million people in the receiving area. The groundwater situation of hazardous substances can effectively curb the decline of groundwater level in the water receiving area, and play an active role in solving the environmental geological problems such as ground subsidence, and alleviate the deterioration of the ecological environment in the northern region.