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目的:探讨高血压患者的合并症和生活方式与发生心脑血管并发症潜伏期的关系,减缓高血压患者心脑血管并发症的发生。方法:官方2008年8月-2009年2月收集明确高血压病史的心、脑血管病患者50例为研究对象,以自制量表,用访谈方式收集患者的高血压发病年龄、生活饮食习惯、合并症以及心脑血管并发症发生时间等资料。结果:高血压患者发生心脑血管并发症潜伏期均随高血压始发年龄的增加相应缩短,经相关分析,潜伏期与高血压始发年龄呈线性负相关。血压经常波动对潜伏期有明显的影响,无明显波动潜伏期为(24.96±12.92)年,血压明显波动潜伏期为(17.28±10.13)年(P<0.05)。生活方式、合并症等对高血压也有明显影响,危险因素越多,潜伏期越短(P<0.01)。结论:预防高血压患者心脑血管病发生除积极有效控制高血压外,还必须综合其他防治措施(如健康的生活方式),延缓动脉粥样硬化的进程。由于许多患者对自己的血压监测不力,因此在防治心脑血管病中,开展高血压普查和防治显得尤为重要。
Objective: To investigate the relationship between complications and lifestyle in patients with hypertension and the latency of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications and to reduce the occurrence of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in hypertensive patients. Methods: Officials from August 2008 to February 2009 collected 50 patients with heart and cerebrovascular disease with a definite history of hypertension as subjects, collected their age of onset of hypertension, lifestyle and eating habits by self-made questionnaire, Complications and cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications occurred time and other information. Results: The latent period of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular complications in patients with hypertension were shortened correspondingly with the increase of the age of onset of hypertension. By correlation analysis, the latency was negatively correlated with the age of onset of hypertension. Frequent fluctuations in blood pressure have a significant effect on latency, with no significant fluctuations (24.96 ± 12.92) years, and significant fluctuations in blood pressure (17.28 ± 10.13) years (P <0.05). Life style, comorbidity also have obvious effect on hypertension, the more risk factors, the shorter the incubation period (P <0.01). Conclusion: Prevention of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases in patients with hypertension in addition to active and effective control of hypertension, but also must be integrated with other prevention and control measures (such as a healthy lifestyle), slow the process of atherosclerosis. Because many patients on their own blood pressure monitoring ineffective, so in the prevention and treatment of cardiovascular disease, hypertension screening and prevention is particularly important.