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目的了解甲醛对神经系统的影响及脑电图的变化。方法选择从事甲醛生产作业的工人为观察组,同单位后勤人员为对照组,调查两组人员神经系统症状和脑电图的变化情况。结果观察组人员神经症状单项发生率均高于对照组;在两组人员神经症状总发生率的比较中,观察组的总发生率高于对照组,差别有统计学意义(χ2=44.06,P<0.01);观察组α波节律减少,与对照组相比,差异有统计学意义(χ2=29.21,P<0.01),β波节律则高于对照组,差异有统计学意义(χ2=4.55,P<0.05);观察组各工龄段异常人数比例均高于同工龄段对照组。结论长期接触甲醛可能会产生神经症状,并且可能会导致脑电图波形出现节律的改变,但仍有待大样本的研究证实。
Objective To understand the impact of formaldehyde on the nervous system and EEG changes. Methods Workers engaged in formaldehyde production were selected as the observation group and the unit logisticians as the control group. The changes of neurological symptoms and electroencephalogram in the two groups were investigated. Results The incidence of neurological symptoms in the observation group was higher than that in the control group. In the comparison of the total incidence of neurological symptoms between the two groups, the total incidence of the observation group was higher than that of the control group (χ2 = 44.06, P <0.01). The rhythms of α wave in the observation group decreased compared with those in the control group (χ2 = 29.21, P <0.01) and the rhythm of β wave was higher than that in the control group (χ2 = 4.55 , P <0.05). The proportion of abnormal persons in each age group in the observation group was higher than that in the same age group. Conclusion Long-term exposure to formaldehyde may cause neurological symptoms, and may lead to rhythm changes in the waveform of EEG, but still need to be confirmed by large sample studies.