美国内华达州的金矿,最近被认为是富金的沉积喷流矿化作用形成的矿床,平均金品位为14g/t。典型的沉积喷流矿床发现于德国的Rammelsberg矿床(1g/t)、加拿大的Anvil地区矿床(0.7g/t),美国爱达荷州的Triumph矿床(2.2g/t)。这些矿床特征显示盆地卤水可形成金矿床。在美国内华达州的沉积喷流金矿床,代表了以前未被认识的包括大型Zn-Pb矿、中型的Zn-Pb-Ba(含Au)和重晶石的沉积喷流型矿床系列中的最后成员。矿物沉积、现代卤水和化学模拟的研究表明,沉积喷流型矿床中金属的比率和丰度的变化主要受硫的富集和氧化还原反应所控制。例如:金和钡溶解度在富H2S、贫SO42-的流体中最高,然而碱金属溶解度在没有H2S存在时最高。化学模拟实验表明还原卤水在溶液温度为200℃时可以迁移1ppm的金(15wt%NaCl,PH=5.5,H2S=0.01m).在卤水中H2S的含量主要受H2S的硫酸盐的热化学还原的生产速率所控制,硫酸盐受流体中有机质和在沉积物中的Fe的硫化反应在液体中的迁移率所控制。因此,具有高有机碳和硫酸盐的沉积盆地形成的岩石中Fe含量低。碳酸盐岩和页岩,最有可能在能形成富金沉积喷流矿床的富含H2S的卤水环境中形成。由规模巨大的沉积喷流热水系统和盆地流体能够迁移金的证据提出了一种在沉积盆地中富集金的新机理,并为未来金的勘探开辟了广阔的空间。 Gold deposits in Nevada, the United States, have recently been considered as deposits formed by gold mineralization by sedimentary jet mineralization with an average gold grade of 14 g / t. Typical sedimentary jet deposits are found in the Rammelsberg deposit (1 g / t) in Germany, the Anvil area deposit (0.7 g / t) in Canada and the Triumph deposit (2.2 g / t) in Idaho, USA. These deposit characteristics show that the basin brine can form gold deposits. The Sedimentary Jet gold deposit in Nevada, USA, represents the last of a series of sedimentary jet-stream deposits that have not previously been recognized, including large Zn-Pb mines, medium Zn-Pb-Ba (Au) and barites member. Mineral deposition, modern brine and chemical modeling studies indicate that the metal ratio and abundance changes in sediment-jet deposits are mainly controlled by sulfur enrichment and redox reactions. For example, gold and barium solubility are highest in H2S- and SO42- -based fluids, whereas alkali metal solubility is highest in the absence of H2S. Chemical simulations have shown that the reduced brine can migrate 1 ppm of gold (15 wt% NaCl, pH = 5.5, H2S = 0.01 m) at a solution temperature of 200 ° C. The content of H2S in the brine is mainly affected by the thermochemical reduction of H2S sulfates Production rate is controlled by the mobility of sulphate in the liquid by the sulfidation reaction of organic matter in the fluid and Fe in the deposit. Therefore, Fe formed in rocks formed from sedimentary basins with high organic carbon and sulphate is low. Carbonates and shales are most likely to form in an H2S-rich brine environment that forms gold-rich sedimentary jet deposits. Evidence of the ability to migrate gold from a massive sedimentary jet hydrothermal system and basin fluid presents a new mechanism for enriching gold in sedimentary basins and opens up vast areas for future gold exploration.