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目的 探讨黄芪总黄酮(TFA)对高脂饲料诱导家兔动脉粥样硬化(AS)的防护作用。方法 60只新西兰白兔被随机分为5组,分别给正常饲料(对照组,n=10)、高脂饲料(造模组,n=10)、高脂饲料加维生素E 400 IU·d~(-1)(VitE组,n=10)、高脂饲料加TFA 60 mg·d~(-1)(TFA 1组,n=15)和高脂饲料加TFA 120 mg·d~(-1)(TFA 2组,n=15)处理12 wk,动态监测(0、8和12 wk)血脂的变化,实验结束前,所有动物用CO_2处死,分别检测主动脉弓的病理变化和胆固醇的含量。结果 实验数据表明所有接受高脂饲料的动物血浆中的总胆固醇、甘油三脂、主动脉弓的粥样硬化斑块面积、胆固醇含量和动脉壁内膜与中膜平均厚度比值均高于正常饲料组。TFA能降低血浆总胆固醇(P<0.05)、动脉壁中的胆固醇和动脉壁内膜与中膜比率;两种浓度的TFA(60和120 mg·d~(-1))能分别降低43.1％和63.0％的AS斑块面积;维生素E可降低动脉壁中的胆固醇沉积和动脉壁内膜与中膜比率(P<0.05),减低43.7％的AS斑块面积。在本实验中TFA和维生素E对甘油三脂代谢无影响。结论 TFA对高脂饲料诱导家兔AS形成有一定的防护作用。
Objective To investigate the protective effect of total flavonoids from astragalus (TFA) on atherosclerosis (AS) induced by high-fat diet in rabbits. Methods A total of 60 New Zealand white rabbits were randomly divided into 5 groups and given normal diet (control group, n=10), high-fat diet (model group, n=10), high-fat diet plus vitamin E 400 IU·d~ (-1) (VitE group, n=10), high-fat diet plus TFA 60 mg·d -1 (TFA 1 group, n=15) and high-fat diet plus TFA 120 mg·d~(-1) ) (TFA 2 group, n=15) After 12 weeks of treatment, blood lipids were dynamically monitored (0, 8 and 12 weeks). Before the end of the experiment, all animals were sacrificed with CO 2 , and the pathological changes and cholesterol content of the aortic arch were measured. Results The experimental data showed that the total plasma cholesterol, triglycerides, atherosclerotic plaque area, cholesterol content, and arterial wall intima-media thickness were higher in all plasmas receiving high-fat diets than in the normal feed group. TFA decreased plasma total cholesterol (P<0.05), arterial wall cholesterol, and arterial wall intima-media ratio; two concentrations of TFA (60 and 120 mg·d-1) were reduced by 43.1%. And 63.0% of the AS plaque area; vitamin E can reduce the arterial wall cholesterol deposition and arterial wall intima and media ratio (P <0.05), reducing the area of plaque 43.7%. In this experiment, TFA and vitamin E had no effect on triglyceride metabolism. Conclusion TFA has certain protective effect on high fat diet induced rabbit AS formation.