病毒性心肌炎是由于病毒侵犯心脏,引起心肌细胞的坏死和心肌间质的炎性改变。19世纪中叶发现了此类病例,病因不清楚,称之为原发性(孤立性)心肌炎。1955年在新生儿中首次证明了本病是由病毒感染引起的。本病多发生在小儿,其次是青少年。年龄越小,病情越重。小婴儿死亡率最高。多数是在过去没有心脏病的情况下,急性或较急发病,有的是偶然发现的。病毒性心肌炎的确诊比较困难,目前多靠除外其他原因引起的心肌病变情况下进行诊断。病变常不限于心肌,心包常同时受累,有时并有心内膜炎。其发病近十余年来国内外都明显增多。 Viral myocarditis is due to viruses that invade the heart, causing necrosis of the cardiomyocytes and inflammatory changes in the myocardial interstitium. Such cases were found in the middle of the nineteenth century, the cause is not clear, called primary (solitary) myocarditis. It was first shown in 1955 in newborns that the disease was caused by a viral infection. The disease occurs in children, followed by adolescents. The younger, more serious condition. Infant mortality rate is highest. Most of them were acute or more acute in the absence of heart disease in the past, while others were accidentally discovered. Viral myocarditis is more difficult to diagnose, at present more than rely on other causes of myocardial lesions caused by the diagnosis. Often not limited to lesions of myocardium, pericardium often affected at the same time, and sometimes endocarditis. Its incidence in the past decade or so have increased significantly at home and abroad.