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毫米波/亚毫米波在大气中的传输特性是毫米波/亚毫米波精确探测系统设计与应用的理论基础。在大气传输过程中,毫米波/亚毫米波受到大气分子吸收等作用沿传播路径产生能量的衰减,同时降水、悬浮颗粒物等引起散射与折射也产生衰减。本文在电磁波传输理论基础上分析了不同气象条件对毫米波/亚毫米波的影响,着重研究了多个频率点的大气衰减特性及在雨、云、雾等不同气象条件下的衰减规律。
The transmission characteristics of millimeter-wave / sub-millimeter waves in the atmosphere are the theoretical basis for the design and application of millimeter-wave / sub-millimeter-wave accurate detection systems. During the atmospheric transmission, the millimeter wave / sub-millimeter wave is attenuated along the propagation path by atmospheric molecular absorption and the like. At the same time, the scattering and refraction caused by precipitation and suspended particles are also attenuated. Based on the theory of electromagnetic wave transmission, this paper analyzes the effect of different meteorological conditions on millimeter wave / submillimeter wave, and studies the attenuation characteristics of atmosphere at multiple frequency points and the attenuation under different meteorological conditions such as rain, cloud and fog.