“海事”有狭义和广义两种不同的概念。我国学者认为,狭义的海事仅限于海上事故,如船舶碰撞、搁浅等航行事故;广义的海事是狭义的海事和海商之和,即除了海上事故之外,还包括由于海上事故或海难引起的海上救助关系、共同海损关系、海事侵权关系以及海上运输合约关系、船舶所有权、抵押权和优先权等与船舶有关的其他海事法律关系。美国学者则认为,广义的海事和狭义的海事 “Maritime” has two different concepts, narrow and broad. Our scholars believe that narrowly defined maritime affairs are limited to maritime accidents such as ship collision and stranded navigation accidents. The broadly defined maritime trade is a combination of maritime and maritime trades in a narrow sense. In addition to maritime accidents, these maritime accidents include those caused by maritime accidents or shipwrecks Maritime relief relations, general maritime relations, maritime infringement and maritime transport contractual relationships, maritime law relations relating to ships such as ownership of ships, mortgages and priority rights. American scholars believe that the generalized maritime and maritime narrow