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辛亥革命后,中国出现了一股前所未有的民主热潮,各种制度设计的方案纷纷出笼。其中宋教仁关于民主制度的设计具有一定的代表性,也典型地反映了那个时代民主在其实现过程中所面临的困境。表现为:制度模式与制度运行支持性条件的脱序;精英政治与大众参与的两难;集权的整合作用与民主的制衡作用的冲突。
After the Revolution of 1911, an unprecedented upsurge of democracy appeared in China and various programs for system design came out one after another. Among them, Song Jiaoren’s representation on the design of democracy has some representativeness, and it also typically reflects the predicament that democracy faced in the process of its realization. It shows as follows: the disorganization of institutional conditions and supportive conditions of institutional operation; the dilemma of elite politics and mass participation; the conflict between the integration of centralization and the checks and balances of democracy.