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目的探讨中小学生血压与油盐摄入量的关系,为改善儿童青少年健康水平提供依据。方法方便选取北京市城区、郊区各4所学校愿意配合的三～五年级小学生、七～八年级初中生共890名,应用“家庭1周油盐摄入估算法”调查中小学生油盐摄入量,并测量身高、体重、血压等体格指标。结果筛查性高血压检出率为19.0%,其中中学生高于小学生(χ2=42.656,P<0.01),郊区学生高于城区学生(χ2=0.185,P<0.01)。随着食用油摄入水平的递增,学生高血压的检出率上升(χ2=31.853,P<0.01);不同钠盐摄入水平学生高血压检出率不同,差异有统计学意义(χ2=42.965,P<0.01)。控制性别、年龄和体质量指数的影响后,学生钠盐摄入量与筛查性高血压相关,回归系数=0.030(χ2=4.179,P<0.05),食用油摄入量与血压的相关无统计学意义。结论中小学生血压水平与钠盐摄入量有关。应降低钠盐摄入水平,预防高血压等心脑血管疾病的发生。
Objective To explore the relationship between blood pressure and oil intake among primary and secondary school students and to provide basis for improving the health of children and adolescents. Methods Convenient selection of Beijing city, suburbs of 4 schools are willing to cooperate with the third to fifth grade primary school students, seventh to eighth grade junior high school students a total of 890, application of “family 1 week oil and salt intake estimation method” survey primary and secondary school students salt Intake, and measurement of height, weight, blood pressure and other physical indicators. Results The detection rate of screening hypertension was 19.0%. Among them, middle school students were higher than primary school students (χ2 = 42.656, P <0.01), suburban students were higher than urban students (χ2 = 0.185, P <0.01). With the increasing of intake of edible oil, the detection rate of students’ hypertension increased (χ2 = 31.853, P <0.01). The detection rate of hypertension was different among students with different intake of sodium, the difference was statistically significant (χ2 = 42.965, P <0.01). After controlling for sex, age and body mass index, the intake of sodium was correlated with screening hypertension, the regression coefficient was 0.030 (χ2 = 4.179, P <0.05). The correlation between edible oil intake and blood pressure was Statistical significance. Conclusions Primary and secondary school students’ blood pressure level is related to sodium intake. Should reduce the level of sodium intake, prevention of hypertension and other cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases.