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文化普济主义的思想很难被看成是中国历史上华夏—汉人群体对待其他非华夏—非汉群体和文化的基本态度。中国历史的发展决定了华夏—汉人群体看待非汉群体和非汉文化基本范式的特点,如根本性的文化优越感和教导意愿;过早培养了强烈的类似民族主义的情感。这些历史发展对文化范式的烙印,严重阻碍了中国在世界上发挥自己希望发挥的作用。所以和美国一样,如何发展成为一个“学习文明”,如何在文明对话中反思自己的局限性,是整个中国社会当前面临的一个非常重大的课题。
The ideas of cultural ostracism can hardly be regarded as the basic attitude of Chinese-Chinese groups to other non-Chinese-non-Chinese groups and cultures in Chinese history. The development of Chinese history determines the characteristics of the basic Chinese-Chinese non-Han culture and the non-Han Chinese culture, such as the fundamental sense of cultural superiority and the willingness to teach; and the premature emergence of a strong nationalistic sentiment. The imprint of these historical developments on the cultural paradigm seriously hinders the role China has to play its own hope in the world. Therefore, just like the United States, how to develop itself into a “learning civilization” and how to reflect on its own limitations in a civilized dialogue is a very important issue currently facing the Chinese community as a whole.