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为探讨安徽省麻疹爆发的原因 ,将麻疹控制在较低水平 ,采用 1∶2匹配的病例对照方法研究麻疹疫苗 (MV)的效力。 2 0 0 0～ 2 0 0 1年安徽省麻疹爆发病例数平均占病例总数的 6 2 % ,爆发病例主要集中在 7～ 14岁儿童 ,其构成占 70 %以上。调查 15 6例麻疹 ,30 9名对照 ,MV的效力为 6 8% (95 %可信区间为 5 0 %～ 86 % )。发生麻疹爆发到报告疫情时间为 6～ 4 9d。中小学生中MV效力较低和疫情报告不及时是发生麻疹爆发的主要原因。有必要在中小学生中开展 1次MV接种工作。提高麻疹监测系统的灵敏性
In order to explore the cause of measles outbreak in Anhui Province, measles was controlled at a low level and the efficacy of measles vaccine (MV) was investigated by a 1: 2 matched case-control study. The number of cases of measles outbreak in Anhui Province in 2000-2002 averaged 62.2% of the total number of cases. The outbreaks of measles cases mainly concentrated in children aged 7-14 years, accounting for more than 70%. Investigating 15 6 measles cases and 30 9 controls, the efficacy of MV was 68% (95% confidence interval 50% to 86%). The outbreak of measles occurred to report the outbreak time is 6 ~ 49d. The low effectiveness of MV in primary and secondary schools and the out-of-date reporting of the outbreak are the main reasons for the outbreak of measles. It is necessary to carry out a MV vaccination among primary and secondary students. Improve the sensitivity of the measles monitoring system