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河流生态恢复是经济可持续发展的关键,生态需水满足是河流生态系统稳定的前提.生态需水研究是目前生态学和水文学、水资源学研究的热点,国内外学者从不同角度出发提出了多种计算生态需水的方法,并基于这些方法对不同尺度研究区进行了生态需水量的研究计算.但在现有计算方法中缺乏针对多个物种流速需求耦合的研究,会对计算结果的准确性产生影响,继而影响流域水资源调控.本文针对此问题引入优势度指数建立多物种生态流速耦合模型,为生态需水的计算提供契合生态系统整体需求的解决方案.该方法不受地域因素影响,具有较广的适用性.应用于小清河流域3个典型断面——黄台桥、岔河、石村,结果显示:黄台桥断面生态需水为12.33m~3·s~(-1);岔河断面生态需水为4.40m~3·s~(-1);石村断面生态需水为14.53m~3·s~(-1).与Tennant法对比,本研究方法计算结果合理,且更能反映鱼类种群,而非单一物种对水量的实际需求.
Ecological restoration of rivers is the key to sustainable development of economy, and ecological water demand satisfaction is the prerequisite of river ecosystem stability.Research on ecological water demand is a hot topic in ecology and hydrology and water resources research at present, scholars from different perspectives A large number of methods for calculating ecological water requirement were studied and the ecological water requirement of different scales was calculated based on these methods.But there is a lack of research on the demand coupling of flow rate in many existing methods, , And then affect the regulation of water resources in the river basin.This paper introduces a dominance index for this issue to establish a multi-species ecological flow velocity coupling model to provide a solution to the ecological needs of the ecosystem to meet the needs of the ecosystem as a whole.The method is not subject to geographical The results showed that the ecological water requirement of the section of Huangtaiqiao was 12.33m 3 · s ~ (-1) 1). The ecological water requirement of Chahe section was 4.40m ~ 3 · s ~ (-1) and that of Shicun section was 14.53m ~ 3 · s ~ (-1). Comparing with Tennant method, the calculated results reasonable, Better reflect the fish stocks, rather than actual demand for water of a single species.