‘南朝四百八十寺,多少楼台烟雨中。’——这是唐代诗人杜牧在江南,望着那烟雨凄迷中,一幢幢的殿宇、一段段的红墙而詠出来的诗句,由这两句诗中,佛教在南朝的盛况,宛然呈现於我们的眼前。我们知道,江南之有佛寺,始建於吴孙权的时代,然而一到东晋南朝时,佛教竟具有盛大之势力,这是有它的必然原因的。因为自从永嘉之乱,中原淪陷,以司马睿为首的汉族大地主集體逃到江南,再建东晋政权。但是北方蠻族的势力又继续的向南压迫,使得他们在物质方面感到空虚,在精神方面感到驚懼,於是只好把寄託放在神佛上,希望由於神佛的保佑而苟延他们的封建统治。同时,这些人失掉了中原的大片土地,乃加紧对江南的土地兼併和加重对江南人民的经济剥削,这样,就使得他们與江南的土著地主及人民间的矛盾更加尖锐化,因此,他们也希望通过僧侣作为桥樑,来调谐舆土著地主间的关系,并利用佛教作为麻醉和欺骗江南人民的工具。这就是佛教與东晋南朝的政治势力相结合的主要原因。 ’Southern four hundred eighty Temple, how many towers in the misty rain. ’- This is the poet Du Mu in the Tang Dynasty in the south, looking at the midst of the misty rain, the buildings, a section of the red wall and out of the poem, from these two poems, Buddhism in the grand occasion of the Southern Dynasty, Present in front of us. We know that there is a Buddhist temple in the south of the Yangtze River that was founded in the era of Wu Sun Quan. However, as soon as the Eastern Jin Dynasty and the Southern Dynasties, Buddhism actually had a grand power. This is the inevitable reason for it. Because since the chaos in Yongjia, the fall of the Central Plains, headed by Sima Rui Han collective landlord fled to Jiangnan, and then build the Eastern Jin Dynasty regime. However, the barbarian forces in the north continued to press southwards, leaving them physically empty and horrified in spirit. They had to place the trust on the gods and Buddhists and hoped that their feudalism would be lifted by the blessing of the gods and Buddhists rule. At the same time, these people have lost vast areas of Central Plains, stepping up the land annexation of Jiangnan and aggravating the economic exploitation of the people in the south of Yangtze River so as to sharpen their conflicts with indigenous landlords and people in the south of the Yangtze River. Therefore, they also It is hoped that the monks will serve as a bridge to tune the relationship between indigenous landlords and to use Buddhism as a tool to anesthetize and deceive the people of southern Gangnam. This is the main reason for the combination of Buddhism and the political forces in the Eastern Jin and Southern Dynasties.