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电高辐射、超氧阴离子自由基和羟自由基都能分别引起人淋巴细胞姊妹染色单体交换（ＳＣＥ）频率增加和细胞增殖率指数降低。ＳＣＥ与增殖率指数间密切负相关。推测电离辐射的上述生物学效应正是由辐照细胞生成的超氧阴离子和羟自由基引起的。
High electrical radiation, superoxide anion free radicals and hydroxyl free radicals can cause the increase of sister lymphocyte exchange (SCE) frequency and decrease of cell proliferation index of human lymphocytes, respectively. There is a close negative correlation between SCE and proliferation index. The above biological effects of ionizing radiation are speculated to be caused by the superoxide anion and hydroxyl radical generated by irradiated cells.