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目的了解大连市道路交通伤害流行特征,为开展干预提供依据。方法采用描述流行病学的方法,回顾性分析大连市3所伤害监测医院急诊收治的道路交通伤害病例信息。结果 2006-2014年共收集道路交通伤害病例24 905例,男女性别比为1.3∶1,21~30岁年龄组病例所占的比例最高(23.8%),专业技术人员和商业服务人员占职业分布的前2位;公路/街道(83.8%)是该类伤害发生的主要地点,发生高峰时间分别为上午9时和下午18时;发生伤害时的活动前2位分别为驾乘交通工具(44.6%)和休闲活动(37.5%);病例头部受伤比例(31.6%)最高,主要为挫伤和骨折,分别占62.6%和17.4%,并且随年龄的增长,骨折比例逐渐上升(rs=0.91,P=0.002);伤害严重程度较重,中、重度伤害占21.9%,并随着年龄的增长,中、重度伤害程度比例逐渐增大(rs=0.76,P=0.028),住院和死亡比例(21.0%)也较高。结论大连市道路交通伤害干预应重点关注青、中年男性人群,并且加强头部等重点部位的防护,最大程度减少并降低该类伤害的发生和严重程度。
Objective To understand the epidemic characteristics of road traffic injuries in Dalian and provide the basis for intervention. Methods A descriptive epidemiological method was used to retrospectively analyze the case information of road traffic injuries in the emergency department of three hospitals in Dalian. Results A total of 24 905 road traffic injuries cases were collected between 2006 and 2014, with a male-to-female ratio of 1.3: 1. The highest percentage of cases was in the age group of 21 to 30 years (23.8%), occupations of professional technicians and commercial service personnel (83.8%) were the main locations of such injuries. The peak time occurred at 9 am and 18 pm respectively. The top two activities at the time of injury were vehicle-borne vehicles (44.6 %) And leisure activities (37.5%). The proportion of cases with head injuries was the highest (31.6%), mainly contusion and fracture, accounting for 62.6% and 17.4% respectively. The proportion of fractures gradually increased with age (rs = (P = 0.002). The severity of injuries was severe, and the moderate and severe injuries accounted for 21.9%. With the increase of age, the proportion of moderate and severe injuries increased gradually (rs = 0.76, P = 0.028) 21.0%) is also higher. Conclusion The road traffic injury intervention in Dalian should focus on the young and middle-aged male population, and strengthen the protection of key areas such as the head to minimize and reduce the occurrence and severity of such injuries.