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目的:对比分析2~3岁孤独谱系障碍儿童与发育迟缓(DD)儿童的脑白质纤维结构的异常。方法:对60例符合美国精神障碍诊断和统计手册第4版(修订版)(DSM-Ⅳ-TR)诊断标准的孤独谱系障碍儿童(病例组)和35例年龄、性别、智商与之相匹配的发育障碍儿童(对照组)进行脑弥散张量成像扫描,应用基于体素的分析法比较两组全脑白质纤维结构的异常。结果:与对照组相比,孤独谱系障碍儿童胼胝体、后侧扣带、边缘叶、左侧颞下区、左侧颞中区、布罗德曼8区、右侧眶额叶下部、右侧额中区、右侧额上区等处白质各向异性值显著增大(P<0.001,k≥10)。结论:与DD儿童相比,2~3岁孤独谱系障碍儿童呈现出多处脑白质纤维结构的异常,且与青少年期、成年期患者的异常形式有差异。
OBJECTIVE: To compare and analyze the abnormalities of white matter fiber structure in children aged 2 to 3 years old with autism spectrum disorder and children with growth retardation (DD). Methods: A total of 60 children with ADHD (case group) and 35 age, gender, and IQ who met diagnostic criteria of DSM-Ⅳ-TR (Diagnostic and Statistical Manual of Mental Disorders, Edition 4) Of developmental dysfunction children (control group) were scanned with diffuse brain tensor imaging, and voxel-based analysis was used to compare the abnormalities of whole brain white matter fiber structure. Results: Compared with the control group, the children with lone pedigree disorder had corpus callosum, posterior cingulate, marginal lobe, left inferior temporal region, left temporal region, Brodman zone 8, right orbital frontal lobe and right The amount of white matter anisotropy was significantly increased in the middle, middle and frontal areas (P <0.001, k≥10). CONCLUSIONS: Children aged 2 to 3 years old with autism spectrum disorders exhibit multiple abnormalities of white matter fiber structure compared with DD children, and are different from those of adolescent and adulthood patients.