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作为细胞能量供应中心的线粒体,通过氧化磷酸化为细胞提供能量,同时还参与细胞凋亡、自噬、信号转导等生物活动,故其不仅对生物体的生长、发育、代谢、遗传有着十分重要的生理意义,也与机体衰老以及肿瘤、糖尿病、心脑血管疾病等多种病理过程密切相关。不同生理、病理状态下,机体会对能量产生不同的需求,为适应各种不同的能量需要,线粒体从形态变化、质量控制和数量三个方面对机体能量变化进行代偿,本文从这三方面对线粒体在能量需求不同时产生的适应性变化进行阐述。
As a cell energy supply center, mitochondria supply energy to cells through oxidative phosphorylation and participate in biological activities such as apoptosis, autophagy and signal transduction. Therefore, mitochondria are not only important for the growth, development, metabolism and inheritance of organisms, Important physiological significance, but also with the body aging and tumor, diabetes, cardiovascular disease and other pathological processes are closely related. Different physiological and pathological conditions, the body will have different energy needs, in order to adapt to different energy needs, mitochondrial from the morphological changes, quality control and quantity of the three aspects of body energy changes compensated, this article from these three aspects The adaptation of mitochondria to changes in energy requirements is illustrated.