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目的研究南方食管癌高发区及低发区人群烟酒消费与食管癌的关系。方法在广东高发区南澳县、低发区汕尾市采用整群抽样方法调查608名居民的吸烟、饮酒习惯。采用构筑式logistic回归及协方差分析法研究烟酒消费与食管癌的联系。结果南澳男性居民吸烟率比汕尾高13.3%,但女性吸烟率两地相同。消除年龄影响后,南澳男性居民人均累计吸烟量比汕尾多4 582包;男性人均累计吸烟量每增加1 000包,发生高食管癌死亡率的估计危险性增加1.196倍。结论吸烟量可能在南澳男性居民食管癌病因学中起着一定作用。
Objective To study the relationship between smoking and drinking and esophageal cancer in high incidence areas and low incidence areas of southern esophageal cancer patients. Methods A cluster sampling method was used to investigate the smoking and drinking habits of 608 residents in Nan’ao County, a high incidence area of Guangdong Province and Shanwei City, a low incidence area. Constructed logistic regression analysis and covariance analysis to study the relationship between consumption of tobacco and alcohol and esophageal cancer. Results The smoking prevalence of male residents in Nan’ao was 13.3% higher than that in Shanwei, but the female smoking rate was the same between the two places. After eradicating the impact of age, the average number of male smokers in Nan’ao was 4 582 smokers per capita, and the estimated risk of high esophageal cancer mortality increased by 1.196 times for every 1 000 smokers. Conclusions Smoking levels may play a role in the etiology of esophageal cancer among male residents in South Australia.