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慢性阻塞性肺疾病在全球的发病率逐年上升，呼吸肌疲劳及功能障碍是病情进行性加重的原因之一。膈肌作为最重要的呼吸肌，其功能状况将影响患者预后。膈肌超声技术近年来因其无创性、重复性好，以及可以实时动态监测膈肌情况，已越来越广泛的应用于呼吸和危重症领域。本文就膈肌超声的概述及其在慢性阻塞性肺疾病中的应用进行综述。“,”The incidence of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease is increasing year by year in the world, and respiratory muscle fatigue is one of the reasons for the progressive aggravation of the disease.As the most important respiratory muscle, diaphragm function will affect the prognosis of patients.Diaphragm ultrasound technique is widely used in respiratory critical cases because of its noninvasive, reproducible and dynamic monitoring of diaphragm.This article reviews diaphragm ultrasound and its application in chronic obstructive pulmonary disease.