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轮回选择是小麦群体改良的有效方法,过去利用蓝标不育(隐性基因控制)及保持体系、太谷核不育系、“矮败”不育系为工具载体进行轮回群体改良多有不便。而蓝矮败是蓝粒、矮秆、花药败育,3个显性单基因连锁遗传的单体附加系,其种子下地前可以辨别育性,是用于轮回选择的一种便捷高效的理想工具载体。利用蓝矮败拓建了几十个不同类型的轮选群体与综合基因库,通过对8年来群体改良经验教训的总结,形成了蓝矮败选择的技术与技巧:田间选择与室内考种选择相结合,依据不同轮选群的特点,创造性状表现的适宜环境,明确群体选择重点,掌握有利时机,根据性状的遗传特点制定选择策略,确定不同性状的宽严尺度,采取适宜的选择强度,利用生态条件强化自然选择,重视饱满度选择,以聚集更多有益性状基因,提高群体改良效果。掌握这些选择方法与技巧可以取得事半功倍的效果。
Cyclical selection is an effective method for wheat population improvement. In the past, the blue-mark sterile (recessive gene control) and maintainer systems, Taigu nuclear sterile lines and There is inconvenience. The blue dwarf defeat is the blue grain, dwarf, anther abortion, three dominant single gene linkage inheritance of monomer addition line, the seed can be identified before fertility, is a convenient and efficient ideal for the cycle of choice Tool carrier. The use of blue dwarf defeat extension to build dozens of different types of electoral groups and integrated gene pool, through eight years of group improvement lessons learned, formed the blue dwarf selection of skills and techniques: field selection and indoor test species selection According to the characteristics of different rounds of selected groups, it creates an appropriate environment for the performance of traits, clarifies the focus of group selection, grasps the favorable opportunity, formulates the selection strategy according to the genetic characteristics of traits, determines the wide and strict standards of different traits, adopts appropriate selection intensity, The use of ecological conditions to strengthen natural selection, emphasis on fullness choice to gather more genes of beneficial traits, improve the effect of group improvement. Master these options and techniques can achieve a multiplier effect.