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研究与发展(R&D),包括基础研究、应用研究和试验发展,是科学活动的重要组成部分,也是整个科技活动的核心,R&D的投入对生产率的提高,经济的增长和社会的进步有着积极的影响。世界各国的经验表明,要加速科技对国民经济和社会发展带来更大的效益,充分的资金投入是必不可少的条件。如美国1990年R&D的费用为740亿美元,日本为360亿美元,欧洲共同体的R&D经费为470亿美元。我国的R&D资源
Research and development (R&D), including basic research, applied research and experimental development, is an important part of scientific activities and the core of the entire scientific and technological activities. R&D investment has positive effects on productivity improvement, economic growth and social progress. influences. The experience of various countries in the world shows that it is necessary to accelerate technological development to bring greater benefits to the national economy and social development. Full capital investment is an indispensable condition. For example, in the United States, the R&D expenditure in 1990 was 74 billion U.S. dollars, Japan was 36 billion U.S. dollars, and the European Community’s R&D expenditure was 47 billion U.S. dollars. China’s R&D resources