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鉴于分析地下水位动态时空变化特征和影响因素是地下水资源管理和保护的基础工作,以中牟县为例,根据地下水位埋深、降雨、蒸发、地下水开采、水文等资料,采用Mann-Kendall检验法、ArcGIS空间分析模块、主成分分析等方法,定量分析了地下水位埋深数据的趋势性、地下水动态时空变化特征以及不同影响因素对地下水动态变化的影响力。结果表明,研究区地下水位埋深整体上呈增大趋势;研究区各地下水位埋深区间面积变化较大,地下水位埋深0~3、9~12 m所占面积有减少趋势,3~6、6~9 m所占面积有增加趋势;以开采、蒸发为主的排泄因子对地下水位埋深的增大起了主导作用,占影响力的60.5%,导致地下水位呈下降趋势;运用主成分回归分析法对研究区地下水位埋深的拟合效果较为理想。
In view of the analysis of the characteristics and influencing factors of dynamic temporal and spatial changes of groundwater level, which is the basic work of groundwater resources management and protection, taking Zhongmu County as an example, Mann-Kendall test is used to analyze the groundwater depth, rainfall, evaporation, groundwater exploitation and hydrology. , ArcGIS spatial analysis module, principal component analysis and other methods to quantitatively analyze the trends of the groundwater table buried depth data, the characteristics of temporal and spatial variations of groundwater dynamics and the influence of different influencing factors on the dynamic changes of groundwater. The results show that the depth of groundwater table in the study area tends to increase as a whole. The area of groundwater table varies widely in the study area, the area occupied by groundwater tables 0-3, 9-12 m decreases, The area occupied by 6,6 ~ 9 m has an increasing trend. The drainage factor mainly exploited and evaporated plays a dominant role in the increase of groundwater depth, accounting for 60.5% of the impact, resulting in a downward trend in groundwater level. Principal component regression analysis of the groundwater depth of the study area fitting effect is ideal.