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目的探讨天津市2010年麻疹发病的特点及高发原因,为消除麻疹提供参考。方法对天津市2010年的麻疹发病数据进行描述流行病学分析。结果天津市2010年麻疹发病呈现≤4岁和30～34岁发病高峰,发病率分别为125.05/10万和31.99/10万。在≤4岁病例中,以<1岁婴儿麻疹发病最多,发病率为502.09/10万。前9周发病以<1岁婴儿麻疹病例为多,第10周及以后以≥15岁的成人麻疹为主。全年共有324例8月龄～14岁儿童麻疹病例无含麻疹成份疫苗(Measles-containingVaccine,MCV)免疫史,未免疫原因中主要以临时禁忌(110例)和刚由外地来津(31例)为主。2010年外地到天津市因患麻疹就诊的病例数815例,是2009年的4.6倍;其中715例来自河北省,主要来自与天津市毗邻的沧州市(392例)和廊坊市(240例)。761例发病后到儿童医院就诊。本地病例中,发病前7～21d曾有医疗机构就诊史的697例,其中678例<1岁婴儿麻疹病例中,有392例发病前7～21d有医疗机构就诊史;其中323例是到儿童医院就诊。外地来津就诊病例的发病高峰要比天津市本地病例的发病高峰提前1个月。结论天津市2010年麻疹高发主要与大量传染源输入、医院感染和存在易感人群有关,应加强省际的联防联控,控制医院感染,提高易感人群MCV的接种率。
Objective To explore the characteristics of high incidence of measles in 2010 in Tianjin and provide the reference for eliminating measles. Methods Epidemiological analysis of the incidence of measles in Tianjin in 2010 was performed. Results The incidence of measles in Tianjin in 2010 was ≤4 years old and the peak incidence was 30 ~ 34 years old, the incidence rates were 125.05 / 100000 and 31.99 / 100000 respectively. In ≤ 4 years of age cases, <1 year-old infants, measles incidence of the most, the incidence was 502.09 / 100,000. The first 9 weeks of onset were less than 1 year old infants measles cases, 10 weeks and later to ≥ 15 years of adult measles based. A total of 324 measles-containing vaccines (Measles-containing Vaccine, MCV) were immunized in 324 measles cases from 8 months to 14 years old. Among the nonimmunized cases, there were 110 cases of temporary contraindication and 31 cases ) Based. There were 815 cases of migrant patients from Tianjin to Tianjin in 2010, 4.6 times that of 2009; 715 cases came from Hebei Province, mainly from Cangzhou (392 cases) and Langfang (240 cases) adjacent to Tianjin, . 761 cases to the Children’s Hospital after the onset of treatment. In the local cases, there were 697 cases of medical institutions visited before the onset of disease, of which 678 cases of measles cases of 1-year-old infants had medical history before 7-21 days before onset; 323 cases were to children Hospital treatment. The incidence of visiting cases in Tianjin to the peak than the peak incidence of local cases in Tianjin 1 month earlier. Conclusion The high incidence of measles in Tianjin in 2010 was mainly related to the input of large numbers of infectious agents, nosocomial infections and susceptible populations. Inter-provincial prevention and control should be strengthened to control nosocomial infections and increase the vaccination rate of MCV in susceptible populations.