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目的:掌握深圳市0-5岁儿童出生缺陷发生情况及病种构成,为出生缺陷干预与监测提供基线数据。方法:在拟开展出生缺陷干预与监测的区、镇进行整群抽样,统一培训调查员,调查并记录0-5岁儿童出生缺陷情况。结果:0-5岁儿童的出生缺陷患病率为10.20‰,城市和乡镇的患病率分别是7.51‰和11.71‰,经统计学处理有显著性差异(P<0.01)。0-5岁儿童出生缺陷儿病死率为29.02％,占总死亡的58.33％(农村56.25％,城市62.50％)。出生缺陷居前三位的病种为:先天性心脏病、唇腭裂和多并指(趾)。结论:必须进一步加强出生缺陷干预工作的力度,特别是农村地区和重点病种的防治工作。
Objective: To master the incidence of birth defects and the composition of diseases in 0-5 year-old children in Shenzhen and to provide baseline data for the intervention and monitoring of birth defects. Methods: Cluster sampling was conducted in the districts and towns where the birth defect intervention and monitoring were to be carried out. The investigators were uniformly trained to investigate and record the birth defects of children aged 0-5 years. Results: The prevalence of birth defects in children aged 0-5 years was 10.20 ‰, and the prevalence rates in cities and townships were 7.51 ‰ and 11.71 ‰, respectively, statistically significant (P <0.01). Children with 0-5 years old had a birth fatality rate of 29.02%, accounting for 58.33% of the total (56.25% in rural areas and 62.50% in urban areas). The top three birth defects are: congenital heart disease, cleft lip and palate and multiple and finger (toe). Conclusion: It is necessary to further strengthen the intervention work of birth defects, especially in rural areas and prevention and treatment of key diseases.