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31-1#矿体采空区暴露面积为6000 m2,空区高度为60 m。随着空区下部矿体开采的持续进行,空区暴露高度将达100 m左右;在巨大的采空区下进行采矿作业,一旦发生空区围岩失稳,将对作业中的人员和设备带来巨大灾难。采用有限元对空区下部矿体开采过程中空区顶板围岩的应力、安全率、垂直最大位移、塑性区分布进行了模拟分析,根据模拟结果可知:随着矿房、矿柱、下部矿体开采完成后,顶板的位移和应力有所增加,安全率有所下降,塑性区进一步扩大,地压活动有进一步恶化的趋势,但空区围岩总体上趋于稳定。在空区顶板和两腰安装监测仪器对空区围岩的稳定性进行监测,监测结果和数值模拟结果具有良好的一致性。
The exposed area of mined-out area of 31-1 # ore body is 6000 m2, and the empty area height is 60 m. With the continuous exploitation of ore body in the lower part of the open area, the exposed area of the open area will reach about 100 m. Mining will be carried out under the huge gob area. Once the surrounding rock of the open area is instable, the personnel and equipment Bring great disaster. The finite element method is used to simulate the stress, safety rate, vertical maximum displacement and plastic zone distribution of surrounding rock in the roof of the open pit in the process of mining the lower part of the ore body. According to the simulation results, it is found that with the ore body, pillar and lower orebody After the mining is completed, the displacement and stress of the roof increase, the safety rate decreases, the plastic zone expands further, and the ground pressure activity tends to deteriorate further. However, the surrounding rock of the open area generally tends to be stable. The stability of the surrounding rock in the vacant area is monitored in the vacant roof and two lumbar mounted monitoring instruments. The monitoring results are in good agreement with the numerical simulation results.