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目的了解四～六年级小学生慢性非传染性疾病(慢病)防治知识知晓情况,为学生健康教育提供科学依据。方法采取分层整群抽样方法,按经济水平好、中、差抽取重庆市渝中区、荣昌县和开县的四至六年级在校学生1 530名,进行慢病防治知识问卷调查。结果学生慢病相关知识知晓率较低,除超重和肥胖的危害、儿童时肥胖易导致成年后肥胖及引起各种慢性病提前发生2项知晓率在30.0%以上以外,其余各相关项知晓率均在15.0%以下,全部正答率为0;对易导致高血压或血压升高因素及可有效预防高血压或血压升高措施知晓率相对较高,单项知晓率均在30.0%以上,全部正答率分别为4.1%和4.8%。年级是慢病相关知识、易导致高血压或血压升高因素和可有效预防高血压或血压升高措施知晓情况的影响因素,城乡是慢病相关知识及导致高血压或血压升高因素知晓情况的影响因素。结论重庆市小学生慢病防治知识知晓率较低。学生健康教育内容亟待增加与学生年级相一致的慢病防控相关内容。
Objective To understand the knowledge of prevention and treatment of chronic non-communicable diseases (chronic diseases) among grade 4 to grade 6 primary school students and provide scientific basis for their health education. Methods stratified cluster sampling method, according to the economic level is good, middle and poor draw Chongqing Yuzhong District, Rongchang County and Kaixian fourth to sixth grade enrolled 1 530 students, knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control questionnaire. Results There was a low awareness rate of chronic disease-related knowledge among students. Except for the risk of overweight and obesity, childhood obesity easily lead to obesity in adults and early warning of all kinds of chronic diseases beyond 30.0% Below 15.0%, all positive and negative rate is 0; for easy to cause hypertension or high blood pressure and effective measures to prevent hypertension or high blood pressure awareness is relatively high, the individual awareness rates were above 30.0%, all the positive and negative rate Respectively 4.1% and 4.8%. Grade is knowledge of chronic diseases, easily lead to hypertension or elevated blood pressure and factors that can effectively prevent hypertension or elevated blood pressure awareness of factors affecting the situation, urban and rural areas are chronic disease-related knowledge and lead to hypertension or elevated blood pressure awareness of the situation The impact of factors. Conclusion The knowledge of chronic disease prevention and control among primary school students in Chongqing is low. Students health education is urgent need to increase the content of chronic disease prevention and control consistent with the grade of the students.