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以NaOH为活化剂,采用两步热化学过程制备出木基活性炭.将所制活性炭用作以硫酸为电解液的超级电容器电极材料.探讨了合成条件对活性炭孔结构和电化学性能.结果表明,在微孔中形成双电层电容,介孔和大孔则实现离子运输.在高的活化温度或高碱炭比下,材料被过度活化,导致高的介孔、大孔孔容,这增加了电解液的吸收,从而降低质量比电容.最佳的活性炭合成条件为,活化温度:600℃,碱炭比:1.25.“,”Wood-based activated carbons were synthesized in a two-stage thermochemical process using sodium hydroxide as an activator, and used as the electrode materials for supercapacitors with a sulfuric acid electrolyte. The dependence of pore structure parameters and the electrochemical properties of the activated carbons on the synthesis conditions was investigated. Results indicate that an electric double layer is formed within micropores while meso and macropores are responsible for ion transport. Excess activa-tion under a high activation temperature and/or a high mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to carbonaceous material leads to high meso and macropore volumes, which increase electrolyte uptake and therefore decrease the specific capacitance based on cell mass. The optimum activated carbon is obtained at an activation temperature of 600 ℃ with a mass ratio of sodium hydroxide to carbonaceous material of 1. 25.