论文部分内容阅读
目的了解敬老院老年人的营养状况及其相关影响因素,为制定干预措施提供依据。方法对85名敬老院老年人进行现场问卷调查,调查内容包括社会人口学特征、一般健康状况、生活方式、抑郁症状和营养情况。先用单因素检验筛选对营养状况影响有统计学意义的变量,再纳入多元逐步回归分析。结果营养不良的老年人有19人占22%,存在营养不良危险的43人占51%,营养状况良好的23人占27%。经多元逐步回归分析,影响老年人营养状况的主要因素按其回归系数大小依次为:抑郁症状、健康状况自我评价、年龄和早餐习惯,其中抑郁、年龄对老年人的营养状况有负影响,健康状况自我评价、早餐习惯对营养状况有积极影响。结论老年人营养不良的发生受社会因素、生理因素、生活习惯和精神因素等多方面的影响。建议将老年营养保障纳入社会保障体系,对老年人开展营养卫生健康教育,加强对敬老院膳食、各种活动开展等进行指导。
Objective To understand the nutritional status of the elderly in nursing home and its related influencing factors, and to provide the basis for the formulation of interventions. Methods A questionnaire survey was conducted among 85 elderly people in the nursing home. The survey included the characteristics of social demography, general health status, life style, depressive symptoms and nutritional status. First use of single-factor test screening of nutritional status of statistically significant variables, and then into the multivariate stepwise regression analysis. As a result, 19 were malnourished, accounting for 22%, 43% were malnourished, and 23 were malnourished, accounting for 27%. By multivariate stepwise regression analysis, the main factors influencing the nutritional status of the elderly were as follows: depression symptoms, self-evaluation of health status, age and breakfast habits, of which depression and age had a negative impact on the nutritional status of the elderly and health Self-rating status, breakfast habits have a positive impact on nutritional status. Conclusion The incidence of malnutrition in the elderly is affected by many factors, such as social factors, physiological factors, living habits and mental factors. It is suggested that the elderly should be included in the social security system, nutrition and health education should be carried out for the elderly, and the elderly should be guided in their diet and various activities.