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目的总结北京7·21特大洪灾卫生防病应急处置经验。方法现场调查分析评估主要危害因素,制定和采用关键控制措施。指导当地乡镇政府迅速成立卫生防病组织、疏导灾民心理,开展环境治理、预防性消杀灭,集中收集打捞处理有毒有害化工品及动物尸体。结果总结出应急处置措施:(1)迅速成立卫生防病组织;(2)灾民心理疏导;(3)指导当地政府积极组织开展环境治理工作;(4)消毒工作;(5)防蚊蝇措施;(6)灭鼠工作;(7)有毒有害化工产品的管理;(8)动物尸体的管理。30 d后回访处置地域未发生传染病暴发、水源等环境污染。结论本次特大洪灾卫生防病应急处置经验具有一定的借鉴性。
Objective To summarize the emergency treatment experience of July 21 flood disaster prevention and treatment in Beijing. Methods Field investigation and analysis of major hazard assessment, development and application of key control measures. Guide the local township government to quickly establish a health and disease prevention organization to ease the psychology of the victims, carry out environmental governance and prevent and eliminate them, and collect and salvage toxic and hazardous chemicals and animal carcasses. The results summed up the emergency measures: (1) the establishment of a health and disease prevention organization; (2) psychological counseling for the victims; (3) the guidance of the local government to actively organize environmental management work; (4) disinfection work; ; (6) rodent control work; (7) management of toxic and hazardous chemical products; and (8) management of animal carcasses. After 30 d, there was no outbreak of infectious diseases and water pollution in the area of disposal. Conclusion The experience of emergency treatment of flood and disease prevention in this flood disaster has some reference.