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在长江中下游稻麦轮作地区通过研究秸秆集中沟埋还田对土壤有机质、酶活性以及作物产量的影响,旨在探索秸秆集中沟埋还田的特点及适宜的秸秆集中沟埋还田深度,为该地区土壤培肥方式提供科学依据。在为期4.5 a的秸秆集中沟埋还田定位试验中,设置了沟埋还田深度为20 cm、40 cm及免耕秸秆不还田三个处理,测定不同处理条件下土壤有机质含量、酶活性及作物产量。结果表明:水稻秸秆集中沟埋还田20 cm降低了0~10 cm土壤有机质含量及脲酶、蔗糖酶活性,增加了10~30 cm土壤有机质含量及脲酶、蔗糖酶活性;还田深度40 cm降低了0~20 cm土壤有机质含量及脲酶、蔗糖酶活性,增加了20~50 cm土壤有机质含量及脲酶、蔗糖酶活性;沟埋还田深度为20 cm、40 cm两个处理均有增加试验沟各土层过氧化氢酶的作用;小麦产量高低顺序为还田深度20 cm>还田深度40 cm>免耕秸秆不还田。
In the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River rice and wheat rotation through the study of straw concentration buried trench on soil organic matter, enzyme activity and crop yield, aimed at exploring the characteristics of straw ditch buried and returned to the field and appropriate depth of straw ditch buried, Provide a scientific basis for soil fertility mode in this area. In the 4.5-year straw-centralized furrow re-entry experiment, three treatments of 20 cm depth of furrow and 20 cm depth of field and no-till straw returning to soil were set up to measure soil organic matter content and enzyme activity under different treatment conditions And crop yield. The results showed that soil organic matter content, urease and invertase activities in 0-10 cm soil layer decreased with increasing straw ditch depth to 20 cm, increased soil organic matter content and urease and invertase activity in 10-30 cm soil layer, decreased soil depth to 40 cm The content of soil organic matter and urease and invertase activities in 0-20 cm soil layer increased the soil organic matter content and urease and invertase activity in 20-50 cm soil depth. The soil catalase activity; the order of wheat yield to the depth of 20 cm> depth of 40 cm> no-tillage straw does not return to the field.