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本文分析了黄壤中总硫、SO_4~(2-)、总还原态无机硫(TRIS)和有机硫的含量,以及硫酸盐还原菌(SRB)类群和数量,目的是阐明西南酸沉降地区土壤中硫形态和SRB的分布特征。结果表明:有机硫是主要的硫形态,SO_4~(2-)是主要的无机硫形态;黄壤剖面不同深度均检出脱硫弧菌属-脱硫微菌属,指示脱硫弧菌属-脱硫微菌属是黄壤中SRB的优势类群;黄壤剖面中SRB数量与TRIS含量增加的深度与SO_4~(2-)-S含量降低的深度基本一致,指示黄壤中存在SO_4~(2-)异化还原反应,并且TRIS是主要产物;生物滞留后剩余SO_4~(2-)的吸附、解吸、淋溶迁移及深层吸附与累积导致剖面底层SO_4~(2-)-S含量增加;酸沉降输入的SO_4~(2-)主要以有机硫和吸附态SO_4~(2-)滞留在黄壤中,在硫的年沉降速率大幅降低后,在较长时期内,黄壤中有机硫矿化和吸附态SO_4~(2-)解吸可能释放大量SO_4~(2-)进入地表和地下水体,与之相关的土壤理化性质变化和水体化学组成改变等方面的环境效应值得关注。
In this paper, the contents of total sulfur, SO_4 ~ (2-), total reduced inorganic sulfur (TRIS) and organic sulfur in yellow soil as well as the number and population of sulfate-reducing bacteria (SRB) Sulfur morphology and SRB distribution characteristics. The results showed that organic sulfur was the main form of sulfur, and SO 4 2- was the main form of inorganic sulfur. Vibrio vulnificus-desulfotoxins were detected at different depths of yellow soil profile, indicating that the desulfovibrio- Is the dominant group of SRB in yellow soil. The depth of increase of SRB and TRIS content in yellow soil is basically consistent with the decrease of SO 4 2- (2 -) - S content, which indicates the existence of SO 4 2- dissimilatory reduction in yellow soil, TRIS was the main product. The adsorption, desorption, leaching and migration of residual SO_4 ~ (2-) after bioretention and deep adsorption and accumulation led to the increase of SO_4 ~ (2 -) - S content in the bottom layer. 2-) mainly retained in the yellow soil with organic sulfur and SO_4 ~ (2-) in the adsorbed state. After the annual sedimentation rate of sulfur decreased significantly, the organic sulfur mineralization and the adsorption state of SO_4 ~ (2) -) desorption may release a large amount of SO 4 2- into the surface and groundwater bodies, and the related environmental effects such as the change of soil physical and chemical properties and the change of chemical composition of water bodies are worth attention.